The first cultivar developed in the Israeli breeding program was “Barnea,” which was well suited to modern agriculture. This cultivar responded with a significant increase in yield per unit area when planted at high density and supplied with regular irrigation, contrasting with traditional practices. It paved the way globally for mechanical harvesting because its unique tree architecture made it highly suitable for efficient harvesting using a trunk shaker. Until about a decade ago, Barnea accounted for approximately a quarter of irrigated olive cultivation in Israel and was planted extensively in countries like Australia, South Africa, Argentina, and the United States. In recent years, however, it has almost ceased to be planted in modern orchards due to the shift toward super-high-density systems, which require lower-vigor cultivars.